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Leibovitz’s L-15-MAX:
In general, the advantages of Leibovitz’s L-15 -MAX over Regular Leibovitz’s L-15 – is replacing L-Alanyl-L-Glutamine with L-Glutamine, therefore:
- Possess longer shelf life)
- Minimizes toxic ammonia build-up.
- Improves cell viability and growth.
- Remains stable across a wide range of temperatures.
- Minimizes the growth of pathogens by stabilizing the PH.
- Improves the culture of primary cells.
Additionally, Leibovitz’s L-15 -MAX contains:
- 5 mM sodium pyruvate
- Non-Essential Amino Acids
- PurMa Biologics Manufactures several types of Leibovitz’s L-15-MAX based on the
- Phenol Red
- Galactose
L-glutamine is a vital amino acid that is supplemented with mammalian cell culture media. This important amino acid has several important functions including the production of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides amino sugars, and glutathione as well as performing as the secondary source of energy. The latter is more crucial in cells dividing rapidly.
One drawback of using L-glutamine is that in solutions such as cell culture media, L-glutamine degrades, resulting in the generation of toxic ammonia and pyrrolidine carboxylic acid. The speed of degradation of L-glutamine depends on time, temperature, and pH. One way to minimize the degradation of L-glutamine degradation in media is to gradually add these amino acids to your cell culture but has to be calculated to keep the level of L-glutamine at a constant level. Practically, this strategy even though is possible but tedious, and depending on the volume of cell culture work in your la, keeping track of time to keep the level of L-glutamine at the same level is difficult and could be tedious if not impossible.
A viable and well-proven alternative for using L-glutamine, which is less sensitive to environmental factors such as pH, is applying L-alanyl-L-glutamine, which is more stable in aqueous solutions and does not easily degrade and cells gradually release aminopeptidases that hydrolyze the dipeptide, slowly releasing L-alanine and L-glutamine into the culture media. The resulting L-glutamine and L-alanine are then used by the cells for protein production or in the TCA cycle. PurMa
TM GluaSup (Cat# P3S210 559) is a proprietary combination of L-alanyl-L-glutamine and other elements which prevent degradation of L-glutamine in the period when is released from L-alanyl-L-glutamine before being utilized by cells. Using PurMa
TM GluaSup maximizes energy metabolism and high growth yield. The other components in PurMa
TM GluaSup neutralize the trace of ammonia on your cells whose generation in cell culture is inevitable in presence of L-glutamine and harmful to the cells.
Additionally, PurMa
TM GluaSup offers more buffering capacity which maintains physiological pH more efficiently. An extra buffering system in this media is a powerful tool to avoid changing the PH which results in instability in growing and cellular mechanisms. Changing the PH is also one of the most common factors for growing mold and other pathogens. Leibovitz’s L-15 -MAX functions better than regular Leibovitz’s L-15 on primary cell culture and most of the commercial cell lines such as MDCK, glial cells, fibroblasts, human endothelial cells, and rat fibroblasts. Leibovitz’s L-15 -MAX contains no proteins, lipids, or growth factors. Therefore, it requires supplementation, commonly with 10%
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS. In general,
The complete formulation can be found here:
Leibovitz's L-15 MAX
References
- Cryoprotective effects of antifreeze proteins delivered into zebrafish embryos. Martínez-Páramo S, Barbosa V, Pérez-Cerezales S, Robles V, Herráez MP. 2009 Apr;58(2):128-33. doi: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2008.11.013. Epub 2008 Dec 24.PMID: 19135991
- A practical guide for assessing respiratory burst and phagocytic cell activity in the fathead minnow, an emerging model for immunotoxicity. Hampton LMT, Jeffries MKS, Venables BJ. 2020 Jul 10;7: 100992. doi: 10.1016/j.mex.2020.100992. eCollection 2020. PMID: 3271485
- The effects of insulin, transferrin and androgens on rat prostate explants in serum-free organ culture. Nguyen-Le XK, Brière N, Corcos J. 1997;6(3):339-49. doi: 10.1002/biof.5520060304. PMID: 9288404.
- Expression of differentiation molecules is preserved in human fetal kidneys during culture. Brière N, Droz D.Acta Histochem. 1990;89(2):157-66. doi: 10.1016/s0065-1281(11)80351-x.PMID: 2093265
- Elasticity and structure of eukaryote chromosomes studied by micromanipulation and micropipette aspiration. Houchmandzadeh B, et al. J Cell Biol. 1997. PMID: 9314524
- The effect of a phorbol ester on amphibian myogenesis. Zeng MB, Tseng MP. Shi Yan Sheng Wu Xue Bao. 1990 Mar;23(1):106-15. PMID: 2382522.
- Cold inhibits neurite outgrowth from single retinal ganglion cells isolated from adult goldfish. Ishida AT, Cheng MH.Exp Eye Res. 1991 Feb;52(2):175-91. doi: 10.1016/0014-4835(91)90257-f.PMID: 2013300
- The Development and Characterization of a Cell Culture System from Indian Mud Crabs Scylla serrata. Sivakumar S, Raja Swaminathan T, Kumar R, Kalaimani N.J Aquat Anim Health. 2019 Sep;31(3):244-258. doi: 10.1002/aah.10073. Epub 2019 Aug 22.PMID: 31441117
- Expansion of human hematopoietic cells from umbilical cord blood using roller bottles in CO2 and CO2-free atmosphere. Andrade-Zaldívar H, Kalixto-Sánchez MA, de la Rosa AP, De León-Rodríguez A.Stem Cells Dev. 2011 Apr;20(4):593-8. doi: 10.1089/scd.2010.0236. Epub 2010 Nov 8.PMID: 20825280
- Growth of fish cell lines in glutamine-free media. Bols NC, Ganassin RC, Tom DJ, Lee LE. 1994;16(3):159-66. doi: 10.1007/BF00749903.PMID: 7766144
[/fusion_text][fusion_table fusion_table_type="1" fusion_table_rows="13" fusion_table_columns="2" margin_top="30px" margin_right="" margin_bottom="" margin_left="" hide_on_mobile="small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility" class="" id="" animation_type="" animation_direction="left" animation_color="" hue="" saturation="" lightness="" alpha="" animation_speed="0.3" animation_delay="0" animation_offset=""]
| Parameter |
Specification |
| Appearance |
Red, clear liquid |
| pH |
7.2 ± 0.1 |
| Osmolality |
275-360 mOsm/L |
| Endotoxin |
NMT< 2EU/mL |
| Mycoplasma |
Negative |
| Suitability |
Suitable for mammalian cell culture |
| Additive |
Sodium pyruvate |
| Indicator |
Phenol red |
| Mycoplasma Detection |
Negative |
| Sterility Tested |
Sterile filtered using 0.22 µm filter |
| Form |
Liquid |
| Shipping Condition |
Room temperature |
[/fusion_table][/fusion_builder_column][/fusion_builder_row][/fusion_builder_container]1 x 10 L, 1 x 50 L, 10 X 1EZ Individually Packed, 50 X 1EZ Individually Packed, 1 x 500 mL, 6 x 500 mL, 1 x 1000 mL, 6 x 1000 mL
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